IFMASS10

259

in repaired areas and stressed components can be recognized. To stress the component

various loading are applied (thermal loading, vacuum, heating and vibration excitation).

a. Loud speaker, Ø 30, CCD camera -

pulse separation 40 µs (left) and few s

b. Honeycomb/

skin debonding

c. Truck cabin

Vibration analysis

d. Artificial de-

fects in Al casing

Figure 21: The examples of ESPI laser interferometry application in industrial environment

Sensor head can be of small weight and had robotic production inspection system. For

inspections in daily circumstances Nd3+ :YAg is used as a source. The surface of 1 m

can be inspected and obtain data for deformation and /or stress distribution on the surface.

Technical details are: resolution 768x582 pixels, mount lens, zoom 1 4/6 -12mm.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

Presented NDT methods are modern in the world, although used for more then one

decade. Some of these methods, GPS and AE, enable global inspection and monitoring,

during building and maintenance of structures, and the others, improved UT and MT,

enable reliable testing of structural components. Recently developed laser metrology for

different purposes also contributes to better testing and inspection.

One point of view would be to make transformation to nowadays the most accurate

measurements according to defined theoretical evaluations; the other would be related to

development methods in particular industrial branches: railways, shipbuilding, masonry,

mechanical and electrical engineering, from heavy industry demands to micro or

nanotechnologies. The approach could be described as: techniques used in standard

methods of verification and the other still undeveloped methods but very prospective.

Productivity increase, consumer satisfaction and safety require that manufacturing

products or structures be thoroughly inspected and characterized during fabrication, after

fabrication and in service, along the lifespan. There is broad selection of procedures ser-

ving to assess: shape, thickness, composition, microstructure, surface and inner defects,

which may affect structural integrity (delaminations, cracks, porosity, disbonds). Due to

increased number of investigated items and constructions, ageing effects and new

materials and manufacturing processes, innovative inspection concepts strongly needed to

reduce the human factor and to increase throughput and sensitivity. Practical examples

are sophisticated sensors, adapted loaded mechanisms, data evaluation and presentation.

The last drawsbacks of conventional holographic methods have been suppressed with

the substitutions of photographic plates and thermo graphic cameras by CCD cameras.

Some results show that current limitations are the capability of laser and CCD cameras,

demanding further research and development.

REFERENCES

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